أين يوجد الذهب وجد الذّهب بدايةً على شكل عنصر معدنيّ محليّ نقيّ، ويمكن إيجاده عادةً كجزءٍ من عروق عنصر الكوارتز، أو في رواسب وحصى المجاري المائيّة، ويتم تعدينه في عدّة دول كجنوب أفريقيا، وأستراليا، وروسيا، وكندا، والولايات المتّحدة الأمريكيّة تحديداً في ولايتيّ نيفادا، وألاسكا.[١] الذّهب عُرف عنصر الذّهب منذ العصور القديمة، وأُعطي قيمة كبيرة نسبةً للونه، حيث حاول الكيميائيّون كثيراً تحويل العناصر المعدنيّة الأخرى إلى ذهب، وقد استُخدم كمجوهرات في عصور ما قبل التّاريخ، وما زال من العناصر الثمينة إلى يومنا هذا، وما يلي المعلومات الأساسيّة لعنصر الذّهب:[٢] العدد الذرّي: 79. الرمز الكيميائيّ: Au. الوزن الذرّي: 196.9665. توزيع الإلكترونات: 6s14f145d10. الاكتشاف: عُرف منذ عصور ما قبل التّاريخ. ملاحظة:يوجد 36 نظيراً معروفاً للذّهب تقع ضمن (Au-170 to Au-205)، ويوجد نظيراً واحداً مستقرّاً للذّهب وهو (Au-197. Gold-198)، ومدّة نصف حياته هي 2.7 يوماً، وقد استُخدم لمعالجة السرطان، وبعض الأمراض الأخرى. خصائص الذّهب يعتبر الذّهب من العناصر نادرة الوجود؛ حيث إنّه يُشكّل 3 أجزاء من البليون من الطبقة الخارجيّة للكرة الأرضيّة فقط، ويعتبر من أكثر العناصر الثمينة نسبةً لندرته ولخصائصّة الفيزيائيّة، حيث يعتبر الذّهب من العناصر المعدنيّة كالحديد، والنّحاس، والرصاص، والقصدير؛ ولذلك هو جيّد التوصيل للحرارة والكهرباء، ويحافظ على حالته الصلبة في درجة حرارة الغرفة، كما يتميّز بأنّه مرن، وليّن؛ حيث يمكن سحبه، وناعم؛ حيث يمكن طرقه لتشكيل صفائح الذهبيّة، ومدّه لتشكيل الأسلاك، ولذلك يعتبر الذّهب من العناصر المرغوب بها لصناعة تطبيقات متعددة في مجالات واسعة، كصناعة المجوهرات والأدوات الإلكترونيّة، كما يتميّز الذّهب بأنّه من العناصر الثقيلة؛ حيث يزن 90 مرّة أكثر من الماء، ومرتين أكثر من وزن عنصر الرصاص.[٣]
جارى تجهيز الرابط
Where is the gold Gold was initially found in the form of a pure local metallic element, and can usually be found as part of veins of the quartz element, or in sediments and gravel waterways, and it is mined in several countries such as South Africa, Australia, Russia, Canada, and the United States of America specifically in Nevada and Alaska. [1] Gold The element of gold has been known since ancient times, and it has been given a great value in relation to its color, as chemists have tried a lot to convert other mineral elements into gold. [2] Atomic number: 79. Chemical symbol: Au. Atomic weight: 196.9665. Electron distribution: 6s14f145d10. Discovery: Known from prehistoric times. Note: There are 36 known gold isotopes located within (Au-170 to Au-205), and there is one stable gold counterpart (Au-197. Gold-198), and its half-life is 2.7 days, and it has been used to treat cancer and some other diseases . Gold properties Gold is a rare element. As it constitutes 3 parts per billion of the outer layer of the globe only, and it is considered one of the most valuable elements relative to its rarity and physical properties, where gold is considered to be a mineral element such as iron, copper, lead and tin; Therefore, it is well connected to heat and electricity, maintains its solid state at room temperature, and is characterized by being flexible and soft; Where it can be pulled, and fine; Where it can be ways to form golden plates, and extend it to form wires, so gold is one of the desirable elements for making multiple applications in a wide range of fields, such as jewelry and electronic tools, and gold is also a heavy component; It weighs 90 times more than water, and twice more than the lead. [3]
Where is the gold Gold was initially found in the form of a pure local metallic element, and can usually be found as part of veins of the quartz element, or in sediments and gravel waterways, and it is mined in several countries such as South Africa, Australia, Russia, Canada, and the United States of America specifically in Nevada and Alaska. [1] Gold The element of gold has been known since ancient times, and it has been given a great value in relation to its color, as chemists have tried a lot to convert other mineral elements into gold. [2] Atomic number: 79. Chemical symbol: Au. Atomic weight: 196.9665. Electron distribution: 6s14f145d10. Discovery: Known from prehistoric times. Note: There are 36 known gold isotopes located within (Au-170 to Au-205), and there is one stable gold counterpart (Au-197. Gold-198), and its half-life is 2.7 days, and it has been used to treat cancer and some other diseases . Gold properties Gold is a rare element. As it constitutes 3 parts per billion of the outer layer of the globe only, and it is considered one of the most valuable elements relative to its rarity and physical properties, where gold is considered to be a mineral element such as iron, copper, lead and tin; Therefore, it is well connected to heat and electricity, maintains its solid state at room temperature, and is characterized by being flexible and soft; Where it can be pulled, and fine; Where it can be ways to form golden plates, and extend it to form wires, so gold is one of the desirable elements for making multiple applications in a wide range of fields, such as jewelry and electronic tools, and gold is also a heavy component; It weighs 90 times more than water, and twice more than the lead. [3]
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